Attention Deficit Disorder, ADD, ADHD
Attention Deficit Disorder
in Child, Adolescent and Adult
ADD, sometimes with, sometimes without hyperactivity, is a biological disorder, much like a learning disability. Several neurological causes seem to exist. Heredity, low level of neurotransmitters, underactivity of certain brain areas and life experiences seem to contribute to causing ADD with or without hyperactivity.
ADD may be a Co-Diagnosis (i.e.: more than one diagnosis)
ADD has a relatively early onset in childhood. Adults with ADD say their problems arose during childhood, and have been relatively persistent. It is estimated that up to 50% of children with ADD continue to show symptoms into adulthood. Researchers believe the disorder to be present in one of every 35 adults.
Clinicians believe ADD consists of five primary behavior problems:
* Difficulty with sustained attention and concentration
* Poor impulse control
* Excessive movement, restlessness, distractibility difficulty following rules and instructions
* Inconsistent work performance
Common areas of concern
Poor academic performance, learning disabilities, lack of organizational skill, emotional disorders (anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, physical complaints) conduct problems and substance abuse problematic relationships – problems with intimacy, poor job performance, occupational adjustment problems, failure to complete tasks, and dysfunctional family problems.
A comprehensive diagnosis is important in the treatment of attention deficit syndrome. The evaluation includes a comprehensive history, assessment and appropriate psychological testing, including continuous performance test, example: TOVA, the evaluation screens for anxiety, depression, parent, teacher, or significant other, ADHD questionnaire and rule out any other psychiatric disorders associated with attention deficit disorder, with or without hyperactivity.
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T. J. Glenn, M.D., F.A.P.A., F.A.A.C.P.
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